The result showed that the ethylene biosynthesis gene ACC-oxidase 2 (ACO2) was induced in the green petal tissues compared with the white petal tissues of the wild type, whereas the expression levels of the other ethylene biosynthesis and signaling genes were not consistently altered in the green tissues (Supplemental Figure 7A), suggesting that ethylene may not play a key role in the prevention of petal greening.
Our findings thus provide insights into the development and regeneration of plant shoot stems. Intriguingly, the restoration of root growth was seen in the consecutive and adjacent parts of the SSOs under gene induction conditions. The ATHB25/REM7 induced the expression of genes controlling shoot stem characteristics by ectopic expression in roots. The SSOs exhibited negative gravitropism and differentiated vascular bundle phenotypes. Here, we artificially induced shoot stem-like green organs (SSOs) in Arabidopsis thaliana roots via simultaneous induction of two transcription factors (TFs), ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA HOMEOBOX PROTEIN 25 (ATHB25, At5g65410) and the B3 family transcription factor REPRODUCTIVE MERISTEM 7 (REM7, At3g18960). Despite recent advances in understanding of plant regeneration, many details of shoot induction remain unclear. Such regenerations occur via dedifferentiation of somatic cells, induction of organs, and their subsequent outgrowth. Somatic plant cells can regenerate shoots and/or roots or adventitious embryonic calluses, which may induce organ formation under certain conditions.
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